Trends in the Periodic Table

Names: 

Purpose 

  Determine the trends, if they exist, for atomic size and ionization energy in the Periodic   

  Table.

Materials

  Graph paper

Procedure

1.       Use the information from the section of the periodic table.  Be sure to give each graph a title and to label each axis.

2.      For elements 3-20, make a graph of atomic radius as a function of atomic number.  Plot atomic number on the X axis and atomic radius on the Y-axis. 

3.      For elements in Family 1A (1) and Family 2A (2), graph period number vs. atomic radius.  Use a different color or symbol for each line.

4.      For elements 3-20, make a graph of ionization energy as a function of atomic number.  Plot atomic number on the X-axis and ionization energy on the Y-axis.

5.      For elements in Family 1(1A) and Family 2 (2A), graph period number vs. ionization energy.  Use a different color or symbol for each line.

 IA (1)IIA (2)IIIA (13)IVA (14)VA (15)VIA (16)VIIA (17)VIIIA (18)
 23
Li
1.23
124
4
Be
0.89
215
5
B
0.80
191
6
C
0.77
260
7
N
0.70
335
8
O
0.66
314
9
F
0.64
402
10
Ne
0.67
497
 311
Na
1.57
119
12
Mg
1.36
176
13
Al
1.25
138
14
Si
1.17
188
15
P
1.10
242
16
S
1.04
239
17
Cl
0.99
299
18
Ar
0.98
363
 419
K
2.03
100
20
Ca
1.74
141
      
 537
Rb
2.1
696
38
Sr
1.91
131
   8
O
0.66
314
Atomic
Symbol
Atomic
Ionization
number
 
radius
energy
 655
Cs
2.35
90
56
Ba
1.98
120
      
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    
                    

Analysis

1.      What happens to the atomic radius as the atomic number increases across a period?  Down a family?

2.      What happens to the ionization energy as the atomic number increases across a period?  Down a family?

Conclusion

1.      Why does atomic radius change as it does?

2.      Why does the ionization energy change as it does?

Lab Summary Paragraph

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